自考大学英语(二)上下册答案!

叮叮糖

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样才能学好一种语言？
上册第1单元A
"学会一种语言是很容易的。甚至一个小孩子都能学会！"
正在学习又一种语言的大多数成年人往往都不会同意这种说法。对成年人来说，学习另一种语言是很难的事。他们需要数个小时去钻研去练习，结果即使是这样，也不一定保证每一个语言的成年人都能学成功。
学习语言跟学习其他事物是不同的。有一些人很聪明，在他们自己的专业领域里很有成就，可是却发现很难学会第二种语言。有些人学习语言方面很成功，可是却发现要在其他专业领域取得成就确非易事。
语言教师常向学习者提出建议："尽可能地用你新学语言文字去大量阅读"。"每天都练习说这种语言"。"与操这种语言的人生活在一起"。"不要通过翻译--昼用新学的语言去思考"。"像小孩学话那样；用这种新语言去做游戏"。
那么，凡是能学会一种新语言的人都是怎么学的呢？语言学习的研究表明凡是能学会一种新语言的人很多方面都是相似的。
首先，凡是学语言学得成功的人都是独立自学的人。他们不领带书本也不依赖老师。他们总是要去发现适合自己的学语言的方法。他们不是等着让教师来解释，而是自己新自去发现各种和各项规则。他们能找出线索善于猜测，善于形成自己的结论。若猜错了，他们就再猜。他们从错误中学乖。
其次，凡是会学习语言的人都是积极主动的去学的。因此，学得成功的人都不是坐等机会来了才去使用这种语言。他们主动找寻使用这种语言的机会。一旦他们说或写错了，他们就去请操这种语言的人给予纠正。他们千方百计地去沟通。他们不怕重复听他们所听过的事物。他们非常愿意出了错以后再设法改正。如果沟通有困难，他们也能接受不大确切或不大完整的信息。对他们来说，学会用所学的语言来思考比学会每个单词的意思更重要。
最后，凡是会学习语言的人都有一个明确的学习目的。他们之所以要学这种语言，那是因为他们对这种语言和操这种语言的人民都感兴趣。对他们来说，学会这种语言以便同这些人交际拼向他们学习是非常必要的。因为他们想学会这种语言，所以他们认为不断地练习实际应用这种语言是轻松愉快的。
您是哪一类型的学习语言的人呢？如果你在学语言上是很有成就的，那也许你就正是这种能独立自学，能积极主动并有明确学习目的的人。反之，假如你学语言学得不大成功，那你最好试一试上述列举的这些学习的方法或技巧。
Text A: How to Be a Successful Language Learner?
Ⅰ.New Words: 1.successful: a 成功的； succeed v : succeed in doing something做某事成功; success n; successfully ad (*) a.She wished him success_ in his new job.
B.Were you successful in finding a new house?
C.I finished my training successfully. D.He succeeds in finding a good job.
2.disagree: v disagree with somebody(与某人有分歧，意见不一致),
n disagreement, a disagreeable;反义词：agree, agreement, agreeable
e.g. I always disagree with him. 3.guarantee:n / v 保证、担保、保修
e.g.1>.The watch has a two-year guarantee. (n保修)
2>.The TV set is guaranteed for one year. (v 保修)
4.intelligent:a 聪明的、明智的，n intelligence 聪明、智慧
5.conversely: ad 相反地，converse a 相反的
6.similar:a 相似的、类似的，短语be similar to sth / sb in sth(*)
e.g.She is similar in temper(性情、脾气) to her mother.
7.independent:a 独立的、自主的，independence n 独立、自主、自立，（*）
字根：depend(v):依*、依赖，depend on / upon
dependence: n 信赖、信任、依* ；dependent: a 依*的、需要支持的
a.When you begin to make money you can live a life of independence.
B.Children depend on their parents for food.
C.I don’t want to be dependent on my parents, because I am an adult.
8.clue:n 线索、提示，常用短语：clue to something 9.adult: n 成年人；a 成年的、成熟的
a.She can do it herself, for she is an adult now. B.His behavior isn’t adult.
10.conclusion: n 结论、推论；v conclude. Decide v 决定，decision n 决定、决心
11.communicate: v 交流、通讯、传播，习语：
①communicate sth to sb: 传播某事给某人； ②communicate with sb: 同某人交流
名词：communication: a communication satellite 通讯卫星； a communication network 通讯网，telecommunication:电讯、电信， China telecommunication中国电信
12.inexact: a 不正确的，反义词：exact incomplete: a 不完整的，反义词：complete
13.purpose: n 目的、意图，purposeful: a 有目的的，蓄意的， purposefully: ad 有目的地、蓄意地
a.He was a clever man whose every word was purposeful. B.We should use the language purposefully.C.She did it on purpose.
14.regularly: ad 经常地、定期地， regular: a 定期的 15.technique: n 技术、技巧， 16.outline: v 概括；n 轮廓、大纲
a.You should outline the story before you write it.
B.You can see the outline of her face in the light of the candle. Ⅱ.Intensive reading:
1.Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement.
大多数学习第二语言的成年人会不同意这种说法的。
①本句主语为：Most adults who are learning a second language;谓语为：would disagree with；宾语为：this statement②主语中包含有一个语法点，定语从句。这是英语中一个非常重要的语法点.顾名思义，定语从句应该在整个句中做定语，请对比如下两句: He bought an interesting book.(定语) / He bought a book which is interesting.（定语从句）。具体介绍该语法点：
修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词后面，它需由关系代词或关系副词引导。
通常引导定语从句的关系代词有：who, whom, (一般指人), which(一般指物)，whose, that(人、物均可).关系副词有：when(时间), where(地点), why(原因)。不管是关系代词还是副词引导定语从句时，要在定语从句中充当句子成分。上句中的who are learning a second language修饰先行词most adults, who 是关系代词，在从句中作主语。下面我们一起来看另几个例句：仔细听我的分析！
A.The man who/that will give us a talk has come.
B.I know a lady whose husband is a Nobel prize winner.
C.She’s the girl who/whom/that I met at the party.
D.I live in the room whose window faces south.
E.Did you find the bike that/which you lost?
③would此时为助动词，表示“可能，将会”。
④需掌握的短语：disagree with sb about / on sth
e.g. He disagrees with his wife about the education of their son.
2.They need hundreds of hours of study and practice…
hundreds of:几百，当hundred, thousand, million用作不确定数目时，需用复数形式，并加介词of;当它们用作确定的数目时，不用复数形式。
E.g. five hundred people; hundreds of people
3.Language learning is different from other kinds of learning.
译：语言学习不同于其他种类的学习。短语：be different from:与…不同
4.Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find it difficult to succeed in language learning. (*)
译：有些人很聪明，在他们自己的专业领域很有成就，但发现很难成功地学习语言。
①本句主语Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields，谓语find，宾语difficult to succeed in language learning，it语法上称作形式宾语:当宾语较长时，常将它移后在空出的位置上用it代替。 ②包含定语从句who are very intelligent and successful in their fields，修饰先行词some people, who在定语从句中作主语。
③需掌握的习语：be intelligent and successful in one’s field; succeed in sth / doing sth
5.Conversely, some people who are very successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields.(相反地…) 这句话意思和结构与上句相似，口头分析。
6.Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar in many ways.
译：语言学习研究显示成功的语言学习者在许多方面都是相似的。
①本句主语Language learning research；谓语：shows；宾语：that引导一个宾语从句。在宾语从句中successful language learners是主语；are是系动词；similar in many ways是表语
②重要短语be similar (to sb/sth) in sth在…方面与某人/某事相似
7.Instead of waiting for the teachers to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules
for themselves. (*) 译：不是等这老师解释，而是自己努力去发现各种句型和规则。
①Instead of waiting for the teachers to explain,介词短语作状语，主语：they；谓语：try to find；宾语：the patterns and the rules for themselves ②介词of后的动词要用动名词waiting
③短语：instead of sth; wait for sb to do sth; try to do sth;
8.They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. (*) 译：他们寻找说这种语言的人，当他们说错时就请这些人帮助指正。
①这是一个由and连接的并列句，其中有一个定语从句who speak the language，修饰先行词people;有一个时间状语从句when they make a mistake
②correct: v 指正、纠正，短语：make a mistake 犯错误
9.They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things.
译：他们不害怕重复他们听到的或说一些奇怪的东西。
①what they hear是repeat的宾语从句
②afraid的用法：be afraid of sth; be afraid to do sth; be afraid that 从句
a.She is afraid to go out alone at night. B.I am afraid of snake.
C.He’s afraid that he’ll be late for class.
10.When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete.
译：当交流困难时，他们会接受不准确或不完整的信息。
本句中包含一个时间状语从句When communication is difficult，一个定语从句that is inexact or incomplete，修饰先行词information，在从句中that作主语。
11.It’s more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. (*)
译：对他们来说，学会用所学的语言来思考比学会每个单词的意思更重要。
①it作形式主语，真正主语是动词不定式to learn to think in the language.原句语序应是：For them to learn to think in the language is more important than to know the meaning of every word.
用形式主语的目的是因为不定式作主语太长，为避免句子头重脚轻，用it代替真正的主语。
E.g. For many people to learn English well is very difficult.
=It’s very difficult for many people to learn English well
②短语：learn to do sth学会做…; more important than …更重要
12.It’s necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.
= For them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them are necessary
译：对他们来说，学会这种语言以便同这些人交流并向他们学习是非常必要的
①这句话较复杂，it作形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them我们称作目的状语
②短语：in order to do sth; communicate with sb; learn from sb:向…学习
13.They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.
译：因为他们想学会这种语言，所以他们发现不断地练习实际应用这种语言是容易的。

it作形式宾语，真正的宾语to practice using the language regularly，原因状语从句because they want to learn with it.
②practice是动词,英式英语拼写形式是practise,美式英语动词和名词拼写都是practice.作动词时，后面只能用动名词，如：practice speaking the language every day. (4段2行)
14.If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. (*)
译：如果你是一名成功的语言学习者，你大概一直在独立地、主动地、目的明确地学习。
①if引导条件状语从句，主句中的have been learning是动词的现在完成进行时，表示动作从以前开始一直不间断地进行到现在。
②三个副词：independently, actively, and purposefully 要会拼写。
15.on the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might do well to try some of the techniques outlined above.
译：另一方面来说，如果你的语言学习一直不太成功，你不妨试试上面提到的一些学习技巧。
①If your language learning has been less than successful是条件状语从句。
②短语：on the other hand: 另一方面来说; less than successful: 不太成功; might do well to do sth:表示一种委婉语气，不妨…，最好….
E.g. You might do well to take the doctor’s advice.
That’s all for this lecture, and let’s continue to learn this unit next time. Don’t forget to review what we have learnt. Ok, see you then!
The second lecture of College English
Hi, everyone! Are you satisfied with the first lecture? Today we’ll continue to learn unit one.
Ⅰ.Review something in lecture one:
A. Useful phrases:
1.disagree with …(2段1行); 2.hundreds of(2段3行); 3. be different from…(3段1行); 4. succeed in sth…(3段3行); 5. as much as you can(4段2行); 6. practice doing sth(4段2行); 7. try to do…(4段4行); 8. similar in sth…(5段2行); 9. first of all(6段1行); 10. depend on(6段2行); 11. instead of sth/doing sth(6段3行); 12. wait sb to do…(6段3行); 13. learn from sth/sb(6段7行); 14. make a mistake(7段4行); 15. be afraid to do(7段5行); 16. be willing to do…(7段6行); 17. be interested in sth(8段2行); 18. in order to(8段4行); 19. communicate with sb(8段4行); 20. on the other hand(9段3行); 21. might do well to do sth(9段4行)
B. Some important words:
1.successful; 2. disagree; 3.statement; 4. guarantee; 5. intelligent; 6. conversely; 7. similar; 8. independent; 9. conclusion; 10. communicate; communication; 11. purpose, purposefully; 12. regularly; 13. technique; 14. outline.
C. Key to part exercises: (from page 8 to 12)
一、课文练习： Ⅰ.d, a, c, d, d;
Ⅱ. 1.task; 2.intelligent; 3.tudy; 4.clue; 5.conclusion; 6.repeat; 7.communication; 8.purpose; 9.probably; 10.outline Ⅲ. 1. Instead of; 2.therefore; 3. more…than; 4.even; 5.first of all; 6.because; 7.on the other hand; 8.finally; 9.looking for; 10.conversely

lili

问一下姐姐，有没有完整的大学英语二的课后题答案呀，